The feature you'll need here is the ability to load custom character sets, stored in what's called table files (extension. None of the mainstream hex editors really give a damn about this enough to account for cases other than the ASCII standard, so you'll have to find a specialized hex editor geared more towards ROM hacking. So you could have the letter A at 0x00, x01, 0x0A, 0x10, 0x21, 0x41, 0x81, or elsewhere depending on the game and what the developers felt like.
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Why is this the case? Because many of these games were made in Japanese using Japanese characters, the developers had no reason to respect the ASCII standard but were more concerned about how to make the best out of the limited memory available. Instead, a custom character encoding is used that doesn't conform to the ASCII standard. Once accomplished, you can decompress the text so that it can be edited then recompress it and feed it back to the game.īut sometimes, none of the above may apply. You'll need to figure out the actual compression pattern either by studying the file structure blindly or by reverse-engineering the game's programming during runtime as it uses the compressed file. There are numerous schemes, and some games have their own unique flavors. Compression is a data transformation operation intended to save space. Fortunately, this is impractical and mostly uncommon. Sometimes, the developers do this on purpose to make the ROM unreadable by hex editors, as is the case for encrypted 3DS ROMs or games with anti-modding measures like God Eater 2 (PSP, JP) and Youkai Watch save files. So you'll have to use the search feature or browse further down the file.
Typically, hexadecimal numbers are written with the prefixes 0x or h so that they are not confused with decimal equivalents (e.g., 0x10, decimal 16). On the other hand, the hexadecimal base is base 16 and goes in the following sequence: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A (a single "digit" meaning ten in decimal), B (eleven), C (twelve), D (thirteen), E (fourteen), F (fifteen), then finally 10 (sixteen, (1 * 16) + 0 or (1 * 16^1) + (0 * 16^0)), 11 (seventeen, (1 * 16) + (1 * 1)), 12 (eighteen, (1 * 16) + 2), and so on. The number ten can be mathematically represented in decimal as (1 * 10) + (0 * 1) or (1 * 10^1) + (0 * 10^0). Our normal counting system uses the decimal base, or base 10, and goes in the following sequence: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and so on. 5.10 Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island.5.5 The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past.4.1 General purpose 2D graphics/tile editor.